APRICOTS
GENERAL INFORMATION
Though Apricots originated in Asia, they were brought to the Mediterranean where European plant breeders produced the apricot we know today. California is the largest producer of Apricots in the U.S. followed by Washington, Idaho, Utah and Colorado.
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Description: There are primarily two types of Apricots: European and Asian.
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Most of the Apricot varieties grown in the U.S. are European Apricots. European Apricots are small, round-headed trees, ultimately reaching a height of up to 30 feet.
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Asian Apricots resemble the European kinds, but are smaller, only reaching a height from six to 15 feet, and they are shrubby instead of tree-like. The fruit of the Asian Apricots grow one or 2 inches and the taste varies from sweet to sour.
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Growing environment Apricots are very early bloomers, which makes them susceptible to injury from late spring frosts. A warm spell during the spring or even the winter urges the flower or leaf buds to begin swelling and the subsequent cold kills them. European Apricots grow only in mild climates; Asian Apricots are hardier and can survive harsh winters, though will still be damaged if the weather warms enough to induce blooming and then freezes up again. Apricots grow safely in mild climates and in very cold climates, where winter stays until late in the season and then lets up.
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Varietals
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California
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Halves: Bright orange color, rich flavor with tart/sweet taste.
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Diced: ¼” to ½” pieces of fruit, roughly cubic shape.
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Paste: Produced by grinding prepared dried apricots.
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Double Diced: Random pieces of fruit roughly cubic in shape.
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Varigrade: Bright orange to medium amber-color varies piece to piece.
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Mediterranean
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Turkish
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Whole Pitted: Yellow to orange in color, delicate apricot flavor. Texture somewhat softer than California type apricots.
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Nutritional Information/Reference websites
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www.califapricot.com (California Apricot Council)
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PAPAYA
GENERAL INFORMATION
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The Europeans discovered the Papaya in the West Indies in the mid-16th century and introduced the plant to the western world. The Papaya is believed to be native to southern Mexico, neighboring Central America and the West Indies. Papayas are now present in every tropical and subtropical country. The Papaya usually grows to a height of 10-12 feet.
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Papayas have exacting climate requirements for vigorous growth and fruit production. They must have warmth throughout the year and will be damaged by light frosts. Brief exposure to 32° F is damaging and prolonged cold without overhead sprinkling will kill the plants. Cold, wet soil is usually lethal. Cool temperatures will also alter fruit flavor.
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There are two types of papayas: Hawaiian and Mexican.
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The Hawaiian varieties are the Papayas commonly found in supermarkets. These pear-shaped fruit generally weigh about 1 pound and have yellow skin when ripe. The flesh is bright orange or pinkish, depending on variety, with small black seeds clustered in the center. Hawaiian papayas are easier to harvest because the plants seldom grow taller than 8 feet.
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The Mexican papayas are much larger than the Hawaiian types and may weigh up to 10 pounds and be more than 15 inches long. The flesh may be yellow, orange or pink. The flavor is less intense than that the Hawaiian papaya but still is delicious and extremely enjoyable. They are slightly easier to grow than Hawaiian papayas. A properly ripened papaya is juicy, sweetish and somewhat like a cantaloupe in flavor, although musky in some types. The fruit (and leaves) contain papain which helps digestion and is used to tenderize meat. The edible seeds have a spicy flavor somewhat reminiscent of black pepper.